Linux系统--搭建STM32开发环境

搭建STM32开发环境

下载驱动工具

安装openocd

用于发现和连接stlink
sudo apt-get install openocd

安装stlink

下载地址：https://github.com/stlink-org/stlink/tags
下载源码 stlink-1.8.0.zip 包

unzip stlink-1.8.0.zip
cd stlink-1.8.0
# 编译
make
# 编译安装
make install

在build/Release/bin 生成工具程序
./st-flash –version

安装gcc-arm-none-eabi（交叉编译链）
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sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-none-eabi
若编译链版本有要求，可以自行下载对应版本

配置环境变量

stm32 网址指导说明，详细介绍了如何下载基础工程和编译环境。如果需要先跑通测试工程，可以参考以下链接
指导说明

1、创建目录

mkdir STM32-base
cd STM32-base
mkdir libraries
mkdir projects
mkdir templates
mkdir tools

确保安装了 “git”和“make”若无则执行

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sudo apt-get install git
sudo apt-get install make

2、下载交叉编译链
编译环境下载
最新版本

解压后，放入STM32-base/tools

cd ~/Downloads
tar xjf gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2
mv gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-x86_64-linux/* STM32-base/tools

3、下载基础工程和编译脚本

# 下载编译make文件
cd ~/projects/STM32-base
git clone https://github.com/STM32-base/STM32-base.git
git clone https://github.com/STM32-base/STM32-base-STM32Cube.git

# 下载模板工程
cd  ../templates/
git clone https://github.com/STM32-base/STM32-base-F0-template.git
git clone https://github.com/STM32-base/STM32-base-F1-template.git
# 创建软连接
cd STM32-base-F1-template
ln -s ../../STM32-base
ln -s ../../STM32-base-STM32Cube

4、编译
在模板工程目录下执行，输出文件会在 bin/目录找到 “stm32_bin_image.bin”、”stm32_executable.elf”

make

烧录与调试

确保自己安装好了openocd 和 stlink 工具，并且硬件已经连接好。
1、进入demo工程

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cd STM32-base-F1-template
make flash

2、单独烧录

st-flash 命令

$ st-flash write ./bin/stm32_bin_image.bin 0x08000000
以下日志表示成功
st-flash 1.8.0
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO common.c: STM32F1xx_MD: 20 KiB SRAM, 64 KiB flash in at least 1 KiB pages.
file ./bin/stm32_bin_image.bin md5 checksum: 5e908f9c1f5ce5aa7b606ea58a28bf, stlink checksum: 0x0002a810
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO common_flash.c: Attempting to write 3308 (0xcec) bytes to stm32 address: 134217728 (0x8000000)
-> Flash page at 0x8000c00 erased (size: 0x400)
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO flash_loader.c: Starting Flash write for VL/F0/F3/F1_XL
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO flash_loader.c: Successfully loaded flash loader in sram
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO flash_loader.c: Clear DFSR
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO flash_loader.c: Clear CFSR
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO flash_loader.c: Clear HFSR
  4/4   pages written
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO common_flash.c: Starting verification of write complete
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO common_flash.c: Flash written and verified! jolly good!
2024-07-08T14:53:24 INFO common.c: Go to Thumb mode

st-info 命令

st-info --probe
日志正确显示

Found 1 stlink programmers
  version:    V2J37S7
  serial:     0F000900012D353436455744
  flash:      65536 (pagesize: 1024)
  sram:       20480
  chipid:     0x410
  dev-type:   STM32F1xx_MD

错误显示：解决方式见下文

Failed to enter SWD mode
Found 1 stlink programmers
  version:    V2J37S7
  serial:     0F000900012D353436455744
  flash:      0 (pagesize: 0)
  sram:       0
  chipid:     0x000
  dev-type:   unknown

问题

1、缺少动态库

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# st-flash write ./bin/stm32_bin_image.bin 0x08000000
st-flash: error while loading shared libraries: libstlink.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决方式：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
或者 sudo ldconfig

2、烧录失败，进入swd模式失败

st-flash write ./bin/stm32_bin_image.bin 0x08000000
st-flash 1.8.0
Failed to enter SWD mode
Failed to connect to target
Failed to parse flash type or unrecognized flash type

可能原因：